Cases from cite.case.law:

ARAJ v. RENFRO, AS GUARDIAN AND NEXT FRIEND OF J. JONES,, 260 So. 3d 1121 (Fla. App. Ct. 2018)

. . . Araj pursuant to section 324.021(9)(b)3., Florida Statutes (2011). . . . Likewise, we do not address whether section 324.021(9)(b)3. was applicable to limit Mr. . . .

AMICA MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, v. WILLIS,, 235 So. 3d 1041 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2018)

. . . See § 324.021(1), Fla. Stat. (2014) (defining “[m]otor vehicle” for purposes of the FRL). . . .

E. RICHBELL v. TOUSSAINT, K. H L. B. E. LLC., 221 So. 3d 764 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . their motion to.limit the judgment against the owner of one of the vehicles, , . pursuant to section 324.021 . . . that rear-ended the plaintiffs’ daughter moved to limit the judgment to $100,000, based on section 324.021 . . . the driver as a permissive user, entitling the owner to the financial limitation set forth in section 324.021 . . . The Second District held that section 324.021(9)(b)(3) did not limit the father’s financial responsibility . . . Section 324.021(9)(b) was enacted to limit strict vicarious liability against innocent owners and lessors . . .

WARD, v. M. MORLOCK,, 218 So. 3d 981 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . I write separately to address arguments not raised by the parties, including the effect of section 324.021 . . . operator in connection therewith” up to certain limits, depending on what insurance limits are obtained. § 324.021 . . . and limits the liability of an “owner,” a defined term that includes the holder of “legal title.” § 324.021 . . . This responsibility includes that which is imposed by section 324.021(9)(b)3. . . .

CLASSY CYCLES, INC. v. BAY COUNTY, a a, 201 So. 3d 779 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2016)

. . . Section 324.021(9)(b)2. limits the potential liability of lessors of motor vehicles (defined in section . . . 324.021(1), to include motorcycles for the purpose of that section, but to not include mopeds),' but . . . in the amount of at least $10,000 per person and $20,000 per crash to avoid a license suspension. §§ 324.021 . . . in the amount of at least $10,000 per person and $20,000 per crash to avoid a license suspension. §§ 324.021 . . .

J. SATERBO C. v. D. MARKUSON,, 210 So. 3d 135 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2016)

. . . final judgments were the result of a $600,000 statutory cap on Stephen’s liability pursuant to section 324.021 . . . That section limits a car owner’s liability in suits arising out of automobile accidents. § 324.021(9 . . . particularity because it failed to account for the fact that Stephen’s liability was capped pursuant to section 324.021 . . . entry of a summary judgment on the affirmative defense), the parties were apparently aware that section 324.021 . . .

DE LOS SANTOS L. v. C. BRINK,, 167 So. 3d 519 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2015)

. . . recovery against Santos was “[sjubject to the limitations of [Santos’] responsibility pursuant to section 324.021 . . . Additionally, Santos contends that, pursuant to section 324.021, the judgment against him should not . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)3., Florida Statutes (2008), provides: The owner who is a natural person and loans . . .

T. YOUNGBLOOD, v. VILLANUEVA,, 141 So. 3d 600 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2014)

. . . for further proceedings on the cross-appeal issue wherein the trial court improperly applied section 324.021 . . . The trial court capped those damages at $100,000 by applying section 324.021(9)(b)(3). . . . The trial court based its decision to cap noneconomic damages by applying section 324.021(9)(b)(3) which . . . acts of Aponte under the dangerous instrumentality doctrine, and therefore, in its opinion, section 324.021 . . . constitute the type of “loan,” directly or indirectly, that would activate the provisions of section 324.021 . . .

ALEMAN, a f. k. a. v. ACE AMERICAN INSURANCE COMPANY, a, 564 F. App'x 1016 (11th Cir. 2014)

. . . . § 324.021. . . .

L. CHRISTENSEN, v. Jo BOWEN,, 140 So. 3d 498 (Fla. 2014)

. . . . §§ 316.003(26), 322.01(30), 324.021(9)(a), Fla. Stat. (2005). . . .

SENTRY SELECT INSURANCE CO. v. HOME STATE COUNTY MUTUAL INSURANCE CO., 994 F. Supp. 2d 789 (E.D. Tex. 2013)

. . . See § 324.021(7), Fla. Stat. (Supp. 2012). E. . . . See § 324.021(7), Fla. Stat. (Supp.2012). . . .

M. ANGELOTTA, As v. SECURITY NATIONAL INSURANCE, COMPANY, 117 So. 3d 1214 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . statutory definition of a “low speed vehicle” and, as such, was a “motor vehicle” as defined in section 324.021 . . . every self-propelled vehicle which is designed and required to be licensed for use upon a highway_” § 324.021 . . .

ROSADO, v. DAIMLERCHRYSLER FINANCIAL SERVICES TRUST,, 112 So. 3d 1165 (Fla. 2013)

. . . The Graves Amendment preempts section 324.021(9)(b)(1). . . . This Court has concluded that section 324.021(9)(b)(2), the portion of section 324.021(9) concerning . . . Like section 324.021(9)(b)(2), the plain language of section 324.021(9)(b)(l) “does not require insurance . . . The plain language of section 324.021(9)(b)(1) refutes this argument. . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)(l) creates a “mere financial inducement!]” . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)(l) imposes financial responsibility upon DaimlerChrysler and liability for failure . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)(l) provides that a lessor who, pursuant to an agreement, leases a motor vehicle . . . Thus, at first glance, under section 324.021(9)0X1), long-term lessor DaimlerChrysler would seem to be . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)(l) also provides that this subparagraph, which can potentially relieve a long-term . . . The Graves Amendment does not preempt section 324.021(9)(b)(1). . . .

ORTIZ, v. REGALADO, Sr. Jr. a Sr. Sr., 113 So. 3d 57 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . Ortiz contends in his first issue that section 324.021(9)(b)(3), Florida Statutes (2006), should be applied . . . Ortiz’s Vicarious Liability Under Section 324.021(9)(b)(3), Florida Statutes (2006) Mr. . . . per person and up to $300,000 per incident for bodily injury and up to $50,000 for property damage. § 324.021 . . . He conceives this latter argument by analogizing to the fact that the next subsection, § 324.021(9)(c . . . Ortiz the statutory cap of section 324.021(9)(b)(3) to limit what he is required to pay Mrs. . . .

PATTERSON a v. FIRSTLEASE, INC. II, 109 So. 3d 226 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . driver is primary for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage required by ss. 324.021 . . .

Jo BOWEN v. TAYLOR- CHRISTENSEN,, 98 So. 3d 136 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . . § 324.021(9)(b)3., Fla. Stat. (1999) (emphasis added). . . . Section 324.021(9)(a), Florida Statutes (2005), defines “owner” as the “person who holds the legal title . . . his co-owner while she was operating the car, at least to the statutory limits set forth at section 324.021 . . . statute, Appellee was a co-owner because he held legal title to the car. §§ 316.008(26), 322.01(30), 324.021 . . . She did not assert liability based on section 324.021(9)(b)3., Florida Statutes, which imposes liability . . . Specifically, section 324.021(9)(b)3., Florida Statutes, provides that an owner who loans a motor vehicle . . . Moreover, section 324.021 specifically provides that the definitions, which include owner, are “for the . . .

R. MAERZ S. v. DAIMLER CHRYSLER FINANCIAL TRUST,, 78 So. 3d 724 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . . § 30106, PREEMPT SECTION 324.021(9)(b)l., FLORIDA STATUTES? AFFIRMED; QUESTION CERTIFIED. . . .

SUNSHINE STATE INSURANCE COMPANY, v. JONES,, 77 So. 3d 254 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . contend my view of what is meant by “driving” and “use” of a vehicle is consistent with subsection 324.021 . . .

GARCIA, v. F. GEORGES, LLC,, 434 F. App'x 791 (11th Cir. 2011)

. . . . § 324.021(9)(b)(2). The district court, pursuant to Alamo’s motion to dismiss, held that Fla. . . . Stat. § 324.021(9) (b) (2); and (2) Fla. . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(2), the very statutory provision at issue in this appeal. . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(2) fell within the savings clause. . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(2), and that Fla. . . .

TREVINO, I. v. MOBLEY,, 63 So. 3d 865 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2011)

. . . Clooney was decided prior to the 1999 enactment of section 324.021(9)(b)3., Florida Statutes, which limits . . . Before section 324.021(9)(b)3. was enacted, a vehicle owner held vicariously liable under the dangerous . . . The situation changed with the advent of section 324.021(9)(b)3. . . . percentage of fault under comparative negligence principles, but it would not be limited by section 324.021 . . . Maria and Joel’s vicarious liability was capped at $100,000 in accordance with section 324.021(9)(b)3 . . .

DAIMLERCHRYSLER INSURANCE COMPANY, a DCFS v. ARRIGO ENTERPRISES, INC. d b a Mr. V., 63 So. 3d 68 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2011)

. . . Nonetheless, Daimler and DCFS concluded that, pursuant to subsection 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes, . . . . 2d DCA 2009); in that case the second district held that the Graves Amendment preempts subsection 324.021 . . . Not until 2008 did this court determine that, for short-term vehicle leases, subsection 324.021(9)(b) . . . The first case to hold that the Graves Amendment preempts subsection 324.021(9)(b)l., dealing with a . . . The insurance levels discussed in subsection 324.021(9)(b)l. are not mandatory; if a lease “requires . . .

VARGAS, v. ENTERPRISE LEASING COMPANY,, 60 So. 3d 1037 (Fla. 2011)

. . . Because I conclude that section 324.021(9)(b)2, Florida Statutes (2007), imposes financial responsibility . . . Moreover, section 324.021, which contains the subsection at issue, is entitled “Definitions; minimum . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)2 provides that “[t]he lessor ... shall be deemed the owner of the motor vehicle . . . The clear import of section 324.021(9)(b)2 is that the ownerfiessor must maintain a sufficient level . . . The certain owners affected by the financial responsibility requirement contained in section 324.021( . . . . § 30106, PREEMPT SECTION 324.021(9)(b)2, FLORIDA STATUTES (2007)? Id. at 624. . . . The district court then determined that section 324.021(9)(b)2 is not a financial responsibility law . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)2 is in no way linked to this privilege; it does not require short term lessors . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)2 provides as follows: 2. . . . Section 324.021 provides definitions of terms used in chapter 324, Florida Statutes (2007). . . .

PARKER, Sr. v. ENTERPRISE LEASING COMPANY OF ORLANDO,, 37 So. 3d 389 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2010)

. . . . § 30106, PREEMPT SEC- TION 324.021(9)(B)(2.), FLORIDA STATUTES (2007)? QUESTION CERTIFIED. . . .

GARCIA, v. GEICO GENERAL INSURANCE CO. Co. v. Co., 712 F. Supp. 2d 1316 (S.D. Fla. 2010)

. . . . § 324.021(9)(b)(2) (imposing vicarious liability on car rental companies, up to certain amounts, for . . .

In STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS IN CIVIL CASES- REPORT NO. In No. In No. In No. In No. s In No. In No. In No. In No., 35 So. 3d 666 (Fla. 2010)

. . . another under a lease for one year or longer and who has complied with all the requirements of F.S. 324.021 . . . Additional limitations upon vicarious liability are set forth in F.S. 324.021(9)(b) and 324.021(9)(e) . . .

BABINSKI, v. AMERICAN FAMILY INSURANCE GROUP,, 569 F.3d 349 (8th Cir. 2009)

. . . . § 324.021(7)(a); La.Rev.Stat. Ann. § 32:900(B)(2)(a). . . .

FRANCIS, v. DOLLAR RENT A CAR SYSTEMS INC., 37 So. 3d 264 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . following question of great public importance: DOES THE GRAVES AMENDMENT, 49 U.S.C § 30106, PREEMPT SECTION 324.021 . . .

J. KARLING, v. BUDGET RENT A CAR SYSTEM, INC., 2 So. 3d 356 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . . § 30106, PREEMPT SECTION 324.021(9)(B)(2), FLORIDA STATUTES (2007)? . . .

ROSADO, v. DAIMLERCHRYSLER FINANCIAL SERVICES TRUST, a k a DCFS PCL C. A., 1 So. 3d 1200 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . . § 30106, is not unconstitutional and that section 324.021(9)(b)(l) is not excepted from this federal . . . On the other hand, I conclude that section 324.021(9)(b)(l), when examined in conjunction with Florida . . . If a leasing company fails to meet the liability insurance requirements in section 324.021(9)(b)(l), . . . In combination, the common law and section 324.021(9)(b)(l) fits squarely within exception (b)(2) of . . . It seems to me that section 324.021(9)(b)(l), in conjunction with Florida’s dangerous instrumentality . . . to ensure that the vehicle was covered by insurance to the limits of liability described in section 324.021 . . . has addressed the application of the Graves Amendment to a long-tenn automobile lease under section 324.021 . . . Amendment’s application, however, has been addressed at length in reference to rental cars under section 324.021 . . . instrumentality doctrine because it had failed to comply with the insurance requirements of section 324.021 . . . THE GRAVES AMENDMENT PREEMPTS SUBSECTION 324.021(9)(b)(l) Subsection 324.021 (9)(b) is a definitional . . .

FAIR, v. D. REESE,, 6 So. 3d 73 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . . § 30106, PREEMPT SECTION 324.021(9)(B)(2), FLORIDA STATUTES (2007)? . . .

WEST, v. ENTERPRISE LEASING COMPANY, a, 997 So. 2d 1196 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . At issue here are (a) whether liability imposed pursuant to section 324.021(9)(b)(2), Florida Statutes . . . considered the same issues and concluded that the Graves Amendment preempts liability under section 324.021 . . . Garcia that “[t]he Graves Amendment takes aim at precisely” lawsuits of the type contemplated by section 324.021 . . . We also agree that as a vicarious liability provision, section 324.021(9)(b)(2) is not a law “imposing . . . question as one of great public importance: DOES THE GRAVES AMENDMENT, 49 U.S.C. § 30106, PREEMPT SECTION 324.021 . . .

J. KARLING, v. BUDGET RENT A CAR SYSTEM, INC., 2 So. 3d 354 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . impose strict vicarious liability on rental car owners up to the liability limits set forth in section 324.021 . . .

R. TOCHA, v. E. RICHARDSON, 995 So. 2d 1100 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . provides that it does not preempt state financial responsibility laws, and appellant claimed section 324.021 . . . The court found that the issue was whether section 324.021(9)(b)(2) is a “financial responsibility law . . . .2d 821, 825 (M.D.Fla.2007), aff'd, 540 F.3d 1242 (11th Cir.2008), the trial court found that section 324.021 . . . sitting en banc, followed Garcia and held that the Graves Amendment, 49 U.S.C. § 30106, preempted section 324.021 . . . question of great public importance: Does the Graves Amendment, 49 U.S.C. § 30106, preempt section 324.021 . . .

BROOKINS, v. FORD CREDIT TITLING TRUST,, 993 So. 2d 178 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . We affirm the summary judgment on the ground that the lessor was entitled to judgment under section 324.021 . . . , we do not reach the question of whether the Graves Amendment, 49 U.S.C. § 30106, preempts section 324.021 . . . That policy satisfied the requirements of Florida law under section 324.021(9)(b)l. . . . summary judgment in favor of Ford Credit solely on the basis that the Graves Amendment preempted § 324.021 . . . because the record from the trial court shows without factual dispute that Ford Credit complied with § 324.021 . . .

VARGAS, v. ENTERPRISE LEASING COMPANY, a, 993 So. 2d 614 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . . § 30106, the Graves Amendment, Congress preempted section 324.021(9)(b)2, Florida Statutes (2007), . . . granted Enterprise’s motion for summary judgment, ruling that the Graves Amendment preempted section 324.021 . . . Against this legal backdrop, the legislature adopted section 324.021(9)(b)2, which provides: (b) Owner . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)2 states: The lessor, under an agreement to rent or lease a motor vehicle for a . . . Vargas’s lawsuit is preempted unless section 324.021(9)(b)2 falls within the savings clause of section . . . Second, the applicable Florida insurance laws, including § 324.021(9)(b), eliminate the vicarious liability . . . They argue that § 324.021(9)(b) does not in so many words directly compel Companies to procure liability . . . Thus § 324.021(9)(b) is not a financial responsibility law because its minimum insurance amounts are . . . Florida’s Legislature further designated § 324.021(9)(b) with the title “minimum insurance required.” . . . Section 324.021(9)(b) fixes financial responsibility through a liability insurance requirement. . . . To conclude that section 324.021(9)(b)(2) does not fit within the exception of the Graves Amendment seems . . .

D. GARCIA, v. VANGUARD CAR RENTAL USA, INC. a US a f. k. a. L. P. a A- a a, 540 F.3d 1242 (11th Cir. 2008)

. . . . § 324.021(9)(b)(2). . . . Stat. § 324.021(7). . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(l)-(2), which cap the amount of vicarious liability damages, would be preserved . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(2) is a financial responsibility law because it induces car rental companies to . . .

FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, v. CONTRACTPOINT FLORIDA PARKS, LLC,, 986 So. 2d 1260 (Fla. 2008)

. . . Bank, 609 So.2d 1315, 1316 n. 1 (Fla.1992), the Court applied the plain, literal meaning of section 324.021 . . . substitutes” because during the legislative debate preceding passage of the bill later codified as section 324.021 . . . financial responsibility for the operation of the vehicle or for the acts of the operator of the vehicle. § 324.021 . . . Moreover, section 324.021(9)(b) specifically states that its terms are applicable “[njotwithstanding . . . Aetna argues that the legislative debate evidences a legislative intent that section 324.021(9)(b) only . . .

EDWARDS, v. C. A. MOTORS, LTD. d b a, 985 So. 2d 1147 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . Motors raised the affirmative defense that recovery is barred by section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes . . . Beginning in 1987, the presently numbered section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes, broadly limited vehicle . . . shall contain limits of not less than $1 million and may be provided by a lessor’s blanket policy. § 324.021 . . . So.2d at 580 (holding that “there must be strict compliance with the express provisions of section 324.021 . . . Davis, 664 So.2d 1025, 1026-28 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995) (construing § 324.021(9)(b), Fla. . . .

KUMARSINGH v. PV HOLDING CORP. A, 983 So. 2d 599 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2008)

. . . judgment, the trial court granted the motion, concluding that the federal statute abrogated subparagraph 324.021 . . . limits of the statutory self-insurance financial responsibility míni-mums as set forth in subsection 324.021 . . . vicarious liability and financial responsibility, and the Graves Amendment’s preemption of subparagraph 324.021 . . .

BECHINA, v. ENTERPRISE LEASING COMPANY,, 972 So. 2d 925 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2007)

. . . M.D.Fla.2007), and we upheld the preemptive language of the Graves Amendment as applied to subpara-graph 324.021 . . . court in Kumarsingh held that the $10,000 financial responsibility requirement imposed by subsection 324.021 . . . granted summary judgment against the Be-chinas as to any vicarious liability, whether under subsection 324.021 . . .

VANGUARD CAR RENTAL USA, INC. a US f k a a L. P. a v. DROUIN, Jr., 521 F. Supp. 2d 1343 (S.D. Fla. 2007)

. . . . § 30106 does not apply to lawsuits brought pursuant to Florida statute § 324.021 because of an exception . . . Florida Statute 324.021 states: Owner/lessor.- — Notwithstanding any other provision of the Florida Statutes . . . Stat. 324.021(9)(b)(2). II. . . . Plaintiffs argue that Defendant’s tort claims could not be made pursuant to Florida Statute 324.021, . . . Florida Statute 324.021 does not create a cause of action. . . .

DUPUIS, v. VANGUARD CAR RENTAL USA, INC. d b a A-, 510 F. Supp. 2d 980 (M.D. Fla. 2007)

. . . . § 324.021(9)(b)(2). . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(2) do not fall within any exception to the Graves Amendment, nor do they provide . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b) (2), and Defendant cannot be vicariously liable based solely on its ownership of . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(2). and one which would preempt it and require the Court to address the constitutionality . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(2) does not create any new duty, but rather limits the application of the common . . .

VANGUARD CAR RENTAL USA, INC. a US f k a a L. P. a v. HUCHON,, 532 F. Supp. 2d 1371 (S.D. Fla. 2007)

. . . on the grounds that (a) Defendant’s claim against Plaintiffs is made pursuant to Florida Statute § 324.021 . . . Stat. 324.021(9)(b)(2). . . . Plaintiffs argue that Defendant’s tort claims could not be made pursuant to Florida Statute 324.021, . . . Defendant admits that “§ 324.021(9)(b)(2) was enacted in part to limit what otherwise would be a lessor . . . Florida Statute § 324.021 limits and places conditions on vicarious liability, but does not create a . . .

D. GARCIA, v. VANGUARD CAR RENTAL USA, INC. a a US a f k a L. P. a a, 510 F. Supp. 2d 821 (M.D. Fla. 2007)

. . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(l), (2). . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(2). . . . Stat. § 324.021(7). B. . . . Stat. § 324.021(7). . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b)(2). . . .

ESTATE OF VILLANUEVA, VILLANUEVA v. T. YOUNGBLOOD,, 927 So. 2d 955 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . See § 324.021(9)(b), Fla. Stat. (2002). . . .

PROGRESSIVE EXPRESS INSURANCE COMPANY, v. DEVITIS, 924 So. 2d 878 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . the circuit court concluded that Progressive was required to provide the PIP coverage under section 324.021 . . .

S. CATES, v. CREAMER,, 431 F.3d 456 (5th Cir. 2005)

. . . . § . 324.021(9)(b)(2) (generally limiting a lessor’s liability to $100,000 per individual and $300,000 . . .

LEWIS v. ENTERPRISE LEASING CO., 912 So. 2d 349 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . The co-personal representatives sought a declaratory judgment that section 324.021(9)(b)(2), Florida . . . The legislature enacted section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes, in order to limit such liability and . . . Section 324.021(9)(b) provides, in part: The lessor, under an agreement to rent or lease a motor vehicle . . . As noted above, the caps provided in section 324.021(9)(b) limit the vicarious liability of innocent . . . Mary’s does not apply to section 324.021(9)(b). . . .

FISCHER, v. ALESSANDRINI,, 907 So. 2d 569 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . Fischer’s motion was filed pursuant to section 324.021(9)(b)(3), Florida Statutes (1999), which limits . . . action, Fischer argued that any judgment entered against him should be limited pursuant to section 324.021 . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)(3) is part of the Florida Financial Responsibility Law (sections 324.01-324.251 . . . At issue in this case is the proper interpretation of section 324.021(9)(b)(3). . . . The trial court determined that Fischer was not entitled to the limit provided for in section 324.021 . . .

DOLLAR RENT A CAR, INC. v. CHANG, a, 902 So. 2d 869 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . from an insurance carrier; finally, the court reduced the jury verdict to $100,000 pursuant to section 324.021 . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)2. provides: The lessor, under an agreement to rent or lease a motor vehicle for . . . s invitation to certify a question to the supreme court concerning the constitutionality of section 324.021 . . .

T. H. E. INSURANCE COMPANY, v. DOLLAR RENT- A- CAR SYSTEMS, INC., 900 So. 2d 694 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . See §§ 324.011; 324.021; 324.022, Fla. Stat. (2004). . . .

BROWN, v. FORD,, 900 So. 2d 646 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)

. . . The parties agreed to reduce the judgment against Brown in accordance with section 324.021(9)(b)3., Florida . . . See § 324.021(9)(b)3., Fla. Stat. (2001). . . .

BERGES, v. INFINITY INSURANCE COMPANY,, 896 So. 2d 665 (Fla. 2004)

. . . low-limits insurance policies to meet the statutory financial responsibility requirements of section 324.021 . . .

SONTAY, v. AVIS RENT- A- CAR SYSTEMS, INC. a, 872 So. 2d 316 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . The trial court held that Chapter 99-225 and section 324.021(9) were constitutional. . . . Sontay .argues that section 324.021(9) is unconstitutional as violative of (1) a plaintiffs right of . . . section 324.021(9)(b)2 makes no such requirement of short-term lessees, the end result is balanced. . . . The vicarious liability of long-term lessors can be completely eliminated because section 324.021(9)( . . . Likewise, the first district in Hughes held that section 324.021(9)(b)2 “merely limits the liability . . .

LYNN, v. FELDMETH,, 849 So. 2d 481 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . challenges the trial court’s denial of her motion to reduce the judgment which she filed pursuant to section 324.021 . . . Lynn filed a motion seeking to reduce the judgment against her pursuant to section 324.021(9)(b)(3), . . . The order recites the trial court’s conclusion “that [section] 324.021(9)(b)(3), Florida Statutes, applies . . . However, because the trial court accepted the argument presented by Feldmeth that section 324.021 only . . .

BUDGET RENT- A- CAR SYSTEMS, INC. v. BENNETT, L., 847 So. 2d 579 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . After the filing of the Complaints, Budget informed the Plaintiffs that pursuant to Section 324.021(9 . . . However, the Plaintiffs filed a Complaint for Declaratory Judgment, contending that Section 324.021(9 . . . Motions for Summary Judgment on the constitutionality of Chapter 99-225, Laws of Florida, and Section 324.021 . . . judgment in favor of the Plaintiffs, concluding that Chapter 99-225, Laws of Florida, in which Section 324.021 . . . Moreover, the Court also held that Section 324.021 does not violate (1) a plaintiffs right of access . . .

S. DIEBEL, v. S. B. TRUCKING COMPANY, Hi L. Jr., 262 F. Supp. 2d 1319 (M.D. Fla. 2003)

. . . . § 324.021 (9)(b)(l), which provides that: (b) Owner/lessor. — Notwithstanding any other provision of . . . Stat. § 324.021(9)(b) as a defense in its Answer and Affirmative Defenses. . . .

ENTERPRISE LEASING CO. SOUTH CENTRAL, INC. v. W. HUGHES, Jr., 833 So. 2d 832 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . that section 324.021 was unconstitutional. . . . It does not follow, however, that section 324.021 restricts a party’s access to court. . . . Section 324.021 merely limits a plaintiffs available damages from the owner of the vehicle. . . . Furthermore, the present version of section 324.021 serves a legitimate purpose. . . . Section 324.021(9)(c)l. was added pursuant to Chapter 99-225. . . .

AMERICAN HOME ASSURANCE COMPANY, v. M. HUGHES W., 310 F.3d 947 (6th Cir. 2002)

. . . Stat. ch. 324.021. . . . .

J. MASS, v. BANK OF AMERICA,, 831 So. 2d 712 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . BOA defended on the ground that it was exempt from liability under section 324.021(9)(b)(l), Florida . . . substantial penalty for early termination, the lease was not a long-term lease protected by section 324.021 . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)(l) simply requires that there be “an agreement to lease a motor vehicle for 1 year . . .

STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS- CIVIL CASES NO., 828 So. 2d 377 (Fla. 2002)

. . . to another under a lease for one year or longer, and who has complied with ah the requirements of § 324.021 . . . Additional limitations upon vicarious liability are set forth in §§ 324,021(9)(b) and 324.021(9)(c), . . .

G. HARRIS, v. COTTON STATES MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY,, 821 So. 2d 1211 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . primary coverage for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage required by section 324.021 . . . insurance is primary for the limits'of liability and personal injury protection coverage as required by ss. 324.021 . . . driver is primary for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage required by ss. 324.021 . . .

PROGRESSIVE EXPRESS INSURANCE COMPANY, v. BOYCE, 821 So. 2d 445 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)

. . . Section 324.021(1), Florida Statutes (1999), the Financial Responsibility Law of 1955, defines the term . . . See Grant, 638 So.2d 936 (applying definition of motor vehicle under section 324.021(1) where section . . .

WORLD INVESTMENTS CORP. d b a v. DUVERNA,, 793 So. 2d 79 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . court properly found that World Investments is not entitled to limit its liability pursuant to section 324.021 . . . As defined by section 324.021(9)(c)(l), Florida Statutes (1999), World Investments Corp. is not a “rental . . .

ALLSTATE INDEMNITY COMPANY, v. WISE a k a Jr., 818 So. 2d 524 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . See § 324.021(9), Fla. Stat. (2000). . . .

RELIANCE INSURANCE COMPANY, v. WIGGINS,, 763 So. 2d 450 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . Consistent with section 324.021(9), Florida Statutes (1995), the lease required lessee Matani to obtain . . . Section 324.021(9)(b) relieves the lessor from liability for the lessee’s accident in the leased automobile . . .

DEARING, v. GENERAL MOTORS ACCEPTANCE CORP., 758 So. 2d 1236 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . is whether the lease between GMAC and Robert Redditt is a lease of one year or longer under section 324.021 . . . GMAC moved for summary judgment on the ground that it was exempt from liability based upon section 324.021 . . . Section 324.021(9)(b) 1. provides in pertinent part the following: 324.021 Definitions; minimum insurance . . . Section 324.021(9)(b)l., a statutory exemption from liability under the dangerous instrumentality doctrine . . . However, Dearing contends that GMAC’s lease does not fall within the exemption of section 324.021(9)( . . .

WILLIAM LEHMAN LEASING CORPORATION, v. JOSEPH,, 757 So. 2d 614 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . Lehman responded that it was not the owner of the vehicle under § 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes .(1999 . . . with the lease agreement and a certificate of insurance and claimed exemption from liability under § 324.021 . . . Therefore, Joseph was under notice that Lehman was in strict compliance with § 324.021. . . . Joseph argues that § 324.021 requires that the liability insurance remain in effect through' the lease . . .

YOUNG, v. PROGRESSIVE SOUTHEASTERN INSURANCE COMPANY,, 753 So. 2d 80 (Fla. 2000)

. . . responsibility by providing satisfactory evidence of holding a motor vehicle liability policy as defined in s. 324.021 . . . (1) Furnishing satisfactory evidence of holding a motor vehicle liability policy as defined in ss. 324.021 . . .

UNITED SERVICES AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION, v. G. PHILLIPS,, 740 So. 2d 1205 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . Section 324.021(1), Florida Statutes (1995), defines "motor vehicle" as "[ejvety self-propelled vehicle . . .

L. ROSE, v. TEITLER, d b a, 736 So. 2d 122 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . financial protections accorded to the owner/lessor of a long-term leased vehicle, pursuant to section 324.021 . . . Section 324.021(9) provides financial immunity to long-term lessors whose leases comply with the statutory . . .

NOLAN, v. GELCO CORPORATION,, 734 So. 2d 1155 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . lessee, North County Towing, maintained the requisite minimum insurance coverage required by section 324.021 . . . these facts, Gelco avoids liability under the dangerous instrumentality doctrine pursuant to section 324.021 . . .

RODRIGUEZ- CESPEDES R. R. A. a v. CREATIVE LEASING, INC., 728 So. 2d 811 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . Creative claimed the exemption contained in section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes (1987), which provides . . . officer of Creative had told an officer of Southern that it was Creative’s policy to require section 324.021 . . . The trial judge concluded that while there had not been actual compliance with section 324.021(9)(b), . . . construction, we conclude that a lessor’s insurance policy cannot satisfy the requirements of section 324.021 . . . World Omni Leasing, Inc., 583 So.2d 330, 334 (Fla.1991), the legislature, by enacting subsection 324.021 . . .

ZEICHNER, v. CITY OF LAUDERHILL, a a, 732 So. 2d 1109 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . : (1)Furnishing satisfactory evidence of holding a motor vehicle liability policy as defined in ss. 324.021 . . . company authorized to do business in this state, conditioned for payment of the amount specified in s. 324.021 . . .

BUDGET RENT- A- CAR SYSTEMS, INC. v. STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE COMPANY,, 727 So. 2d 287 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . . § 324.021(9)(b), Fla. Stat. (1997). . . .

MIAMI STAGE LIGHTING, INC. a v. BUDGET RENT- A- CAR SYSTEMS, INC. a, 712 So. 2d 1135 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998)

. . . shall be primary for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage as required by ss. 324.021 . . . injury protection insurance of the renter or driver to be primary for their policy, limits as per ss. 324.021 . . . insurance is primary for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage as required by ss. 324.021 . . . driver is primary for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage required by ss. 324.021 . . . ACCORDANCE WITH SAID STATUTE AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LIMITS OF LIABILITY AS REQUIRED BY FLORIDA STATUTE 324.021 . . .

LAVADO, v. GENERAL ELECTRIC CAPITAL AUTO FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. d b a G. E., 711 So. 2d 1237 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998)

. . . purpose of determining financial responsibility for its operation as G.E. had complied with section 324.021 . . . Section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes (1995) provided: “Owner/lessor — Notwithstanding any other provision . . . As it existed at the time of the accident, Section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes (1995) provided immunity . . . In 1996, the Legislature amended section 324.021(9)(b) to add an immunity based on insurance purchased . . . order for the owner/lessor of a motor vehicle to come within the liability exemption created by section 324.021 . . .

STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE COMPANY, a v. CAR RENTAL, INC. a, 707 So. 2d 788 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998)

. . . consent, shall be primary, in accordance with the limits of liability as required by Florida Statute 324.021 . . .

AMBA- AN An, v. A. ARIAS- TURECIOUS, ACM, 704 So. 2d 1093 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1997)

. . . Since the track was not insured in accordance with section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes (1995), plaintiffs . . . provisions of the lease require ACM to carry liability insurance in the amount required by section 324.021 . . . state’s dangerous instrumentality doctrine unless the lessor complies with the provisions of section 324.021 . . .

ALLSTATE INSURANCE COMPANY, v. RJT ENTERPRISES, INC., 692 So. 2d 142 (Fla. 1997)

. . . . §§ 324.021(7), 324.022, 324.151(l)(a), Fla. Stat. (1995). . . . insurance shall be primary for the limits of liability and personal injury coverage as required by ss. 324.021 . . .

AERO PRODUCTS CORPORATION, v. DEPARTMENT OF HIGHWAY SAFETY AND MOTOR VEHICLES,, 675 So. 2d 661 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . term is used in section 320.641 (as opposed, for example, to the broader definition found in section 324.021 . . .

CANAL INSURANCE COMPANY, v. REED, CANAL INSURANCE COMPANY, v. YORK,, 680 So. 2d 486 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . .” § 324.021(6), Fla.Stat. (1985) (emphasis added). . . . .” § 324.021(11), Fla.Stat. (1985) (emphasis added). . . .

J. ADY, A. v. AMERICAN HONDA FINANCE CORPORATION, a k a AHFC, a, 675 So. 2d 577 (Fla. 1996)

. . . statutory exemption from liability under the dangerous instrumentality doctrine provided in section 324.021 . . . 591 So.2d 220 (Fla.4th DCA 1991), wherein the district court upheld the constitutionality of section 324.021 . . . In holding that the lessor’s policy would not allow the lessor to receive the exemption of section 324.021 . . . Because we conclude that there must be strict compliance with the express provisions of section 324.021 . . . This section, currently codified as section 324.021(9)(b), provides: (b) Owner/lessor. — Notwithstanding . . . There is no legal justification for the majority’s interpretation of section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statute . . . shall be applicable so tong-as the insurance required under such lease agreement remains in effect. § 324.021 . . .

GLOVER v. SCAMP AUTO RENTAL I, INC. d b a a, 682 So. 2d 562 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . shall be primary for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage as required by ss. 324.021 . . .

MARTIN Co- v. ST. PAUL FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY,, 670 So. 2d 997 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . . § 324.021(1), Fla.Stat. (1993). . . .

GENERAL MOTORS ACCEPTANCE CORPORATION, v. DAVIS, By DAVIS,, 664 So. 2d 1025 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . denied that it owned the motor vehicle and asserted in its Third Defense that, pursuant to section 324.021 . . . , Florida Statutes, it was immune from liability- Section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes (1993), provides . . . That lease was written before the effective date of section 324.021(9)(b). . . . the facts was that GMAC developed the liability insurance limits before the effective date of section 324.021 . . .

ALCINOR, a By ALCINOR, v. AVON EQUIPMENT LEASING, INC., 663 So. 2d 6 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . General Motors Acceptance Corp., 572 So.2d 1363 (Fla.1990); § 324.021(1), (9)(b), Fla.Stat. (1993). . . .

PASTEUR HEALTH PLAN, INC. a v. SALAZAR,, 658 So. 2d 543 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . .” § 627.731, Fla.Stat. (1993) (emphasis added); see also §§ 324.021, 320.01, Fla.Stat. (1993). . . .

J. ADY, A. v. AMERICAN HONDA FINANCE CORPORATION a k a AHFC, a, 652 So. 2d 415 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . doctrine because a policy of insurance which met the requirements for coverage set forth in section 324.021 . . . Pelley was an insured under an insurance policy that complied with section 324.021(9)(b) and that the . . . Section 324.021(9)(b) provides: (b) Owner/lessor. — Notwithstanding any other provision of the Florida . . . required the lessee to obtain insurance coverage with limits not less than those set forth in section 324.021 . . . In Gedert, our sister court held that section 324.021(9)(b) clearly requires the lessee to have valid . . .

RJT ENTERPRISES, INC. d b a A- v. ALLSTATE INSURANCE COMPANY,, 650 So. 2d 56 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . shall be primary for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage as required by ss. 324.021 . . . application of the state’s financial responsibility laws, as outlined in sections 324.151(l)(a) and 324.021 . . . be primary “for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage as required by ss. 324.021 . . . Ten thousand dollars ($10,000) per sections 324.151(l)(a) and 324.021(7), Florida Statutes (1985). . . . . Section 324.021(7) establishes the required amount of financial responsibility regarding liability coverage . . . indemnification “for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage” required by sections 324.021 . . . See § 324.021(7), Fla.Stat. (1985) (establishes the required $10,000 amount of liability coverage); and . . .

MEARS TRANSPORTATION GROUP, v. STATE O. III, ASHTIN LEASING, INC. d b a d b a v. O. DICKINSON, III,, 34 F.3d 1013 (11th Cir. 1994)

. . . : (1) Furnishing satisfactory evidence of holding a motor vehicle liability policy as defined in s. 324.021 . . . Notwithstanding the amounts specified in s. 324.021(7) or s. 324.161, any person, including any firm, . . . responsibility by providing satisfactory evidence of holding a motor vehicle liability policy as defined in s. 324.021 . . . Fla.Stat. ch. 324.031; Fla.Stat. ch. 324.021(7) and (8). . . . .

GRANT, v. STATE FARM FIRE AND CASUALTY COMPANY,, 638 So. 2d 936 (Fla. 1994)

. . . Section 324.021(1), Florida Statutes (1991), also known as the Financial Responsibility Act, defines . . . The Financial Responsibility Law, section 324.021(1), defines a “motor vehicle” as a “self-propelled . . .

BUSH LEASING, INC. f k a v. GALLO, BUSH LEASING, INC. f k a v. GALLO, GALLO, v. BUSH LEASING, INC. f k a, 634 So. 2d 737 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . than one year; and it argues that because the insurance policies on the automobile comply with section 324.021 . . . Gallo further argues that the insurance policy maintained on the vehicle did not comply with section 324.021 . . . Section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes (1989) reads as follows: Owner/lessor. — Notwithstanding any . . . question before us is whether the single-limit policies on the subject vehicle comply with section 324.021 . . . We are, therefore, unable to conclude that Bush is exempt from liability pursuant to section 324.021( . . .

J. GEDERT, v. SOUTHEAST BANK LEASING CO., 637 So. 2d 253 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . (Southeast/lessor) satisfies the statutory requirement of Florida Statute 324.021(9)(b). . . . in finding Southeast’s contingent liability policy satisfied the statutory requirements of section 324.021 . . . have insurance in effect was not satisfied, and Southeast is not exempt from liability under section 324.021 . . . is whether a lessor’s contingent liability policy exempts it from vicarious liability under section 324.021 . . . Section 324.021(9)(b) provides: (b) Owner/lessor. — Notwithstanding any other provision of the Florida . . .

BUDGET RENT A CAR SYSTEMS, INC. v. TAYLOR,, 626 So. 2d 976 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . such certificate, was the furnishing of evidence of financial responsibility as provided in section 324.021 . . .

CHRYSLER CREDIT CORPORATION, v. UNITED SERVICES AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION,, 625 So. 2d 69 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . shall be primary for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage as required by ss. 324.021 . . .

McCUE, Jr. v. DIVERSIFIED SERVICES, INC. d b a a, 622 So. 2d 1372 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . shall be primary for the limits of liability and personal injury protection coverage as required by ss. 324.021 . . .

HAMID v. METRO LIMO, INC. a d b a M., 619 So. 2d 321 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . Compare § 324.021(9)(b) (automobile lessor is absolved of liability for lessee’s negligence if certain . . .

GRANT, v. STATE FARM FIRE AND CASUALTY COMPANY,, 620 So. 2d 778 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . Every self-propelled vehicle which is designed and required to be licensed for use upon a highway_” § 324.021 . . .

HEESTAND, v. GENERAL MOTORS ACCEPTANCE CORPORATION, a k a, 614 So. 2d 1228 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . Section 324.021(9)(b), Florida Statutes (1991); see Perry v. . . .