The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XLV
TORTS

Chapter 769
HAZARDOUS OCCUPATIONS

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CHAPTER 769

HAZARDOUS OCCUPATIONS

769.01 Employers affected by fellow servant act.

769.02 Liability of certain persons and corporations for injuries from negligence of fellow servants.

769.03 Recovery for injuries where employee and employer both at fault; damages; negligence of fellow servant.

769.04 Doctrine of “assumption of risk” abrogated.

769.05 Proceeds of recovery for injuries exempt from garnishment and execution.

769.06 Contracts limiting liability invalid.

769.01 Employers affected by fellow servant act.—This chapter shall apply to persons engaged in the following hazardous occupations in this state; namely, railroading, operating street railways, generating and selling electricity, telegraph and telephone business, express business, blasting and dynamiting, operating automobiles for public use, boating, when boat is propelled by steam, gas or electricity.

History.—s. 1, ch. 6521, 1913; RGS 4971; CGL 7058.

769.02 Liability of certain persons and corporations for injuries from negligence of fellow servants.—The persons mentioned in s. 769.01 shall be liable in damages for injuries inflicted upon their agents and employees, and for the death of their agents and employees caused by the negligence of such persons, their agents and servants, unless such persons shall make it appear that they, their agents and servants have exercised all ordinary and reasonable care and diligence, the presumption in all cases being against such persons.

History.—s. 2, ch. 6521, 1913; RGS 4972; CGL 7059.

769.03 Recovery for injuries where employee and employer both at fault; damages; negligence of fellow servant.—The persons mentioned in s. 769.01 shall not be liable in damages for injuries to their agents and employees, or for the death of such agents and employees, where same is done by their consent, or is caused by their own negligence. If the employees or agents injured or killed, and the persons mentioned in s. 769.01, or their agents and employees are both at fault, there may be a recovery, but the amount of the recovery shall be such a proportion of the entire damages sustained, as the defendant’s negligence bears to the combined negligence of both the plaintiff and the defendant; provided, that damages shall not be recovered for injuries to an employee injured in part through his or her own negligence and in part through the negligence of another employee, when both of such employees are fellow servants, where the former and latter are jointly engaged in performing the act causing the injury and the employer is guilty of no negligence contributing to such injury.

History.—s. 3, ch. 6521, 1913; RGS 4973; CGL 7060; s. 1176, ch. 97-102.

769.04 Doctrine of “assumption of risk” abrogated.—The doctrine of “assumption of risk” shall not obtain in any case arising under the provisions of this chapter, where the injury or death was attributable to the negligence of the employer, his or her agents or servants.

History.—s. 4, ch. 6521, 1913; RGS 4974; CGL 7061; s. 1177, ch. 97-102.

769.05 Proceeds of recovery for injuries exempt from garnishment and execution.—Writs of garnishment, execution or other processes, shall not issue out of any court to reach any money due or likely to become due as damages under the provisions of this chapter.

History.—s. 5, ch. 6521, 1913; RGS 4975; CGL 7062.

769.06 Contracts limiting liability invalid.—Any contract, contrivance or device whatever, having the effect to relieve or exempt the persons mentioned in s. 769.01 from the liability prescribed by this chapter shall be illegal and void.

History.—s. 6, ch. 6521, 1913; RGS 4976; CGL 7063.

F.S. 769 on Google Scholar

F.S. 769 on Casetext

Amendments to 769

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 769

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

Current data shows no reason an arrest or criminal charge should have occurred directly under Florida Statute 769.

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

J. TRUMP, v. R. VANCE, Jr., 140 S. Ct. 2412 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Fetcho , 91 N.Y.2d 765, 769, 676 N.Y.S.2d 106, 698 N.E.2d 935, 938 (1998). . . .

OUR LADY OF GUADALUPE SCHOOL, v. MORRISSEY- BERRU St. v., 140 S. Ct. 2049 (U.S. 2020)

. . . invested undue significance in the fact that Morrissey-Berru and Biel did not have clerical titles. 769 . . . much weight to the fact that Morrissey-Berru and Biel had less formal religious schooling than Perich. 769 . . . though, the school did ask her to attend a catechist course on the history of the Catholic Church. 769 . . . Morrissey-Berru also "led her students in daily prayer" and assisted with planning a monthly mass. 769 . . . It did not remand for a trial on that issue but instead held that the exception did not apply. 769 Fed.Appx . . .

UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, v. BOOKING. COM B. V., 140 S. Ct. 2298 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Two Pesos , 505 U.S. at 769, 112 S.Ct. 2753. . . .

SEILA LAW LLC, v. CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION BUREAU, 140 S. Ct. 2183 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Rev. 738, 769 (2010) ). . . .

UNITED STATES, v. SINENENG- SMITH, 140 S. Ct. 1575 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Ferber , 458 U.S. 747, 768-769, 102 S.Ct. 3348, 73 L.Ed.2d 1113 (1982). . . .

GEORGIA, v. PUBLIC. RESOURCE. ORG, INC., 140 S. Ct. 1498 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Ashcroft , 537 U.S. 186, 212, 123 S.Ct. 769, 154 L.Ed.2d 683 (2003). . . . Ashcroft , 537 U.S. 186, 212, 123 S.Ct. 769, 154 L.Ed.2d 683 (2003), because "it is Congress that has . . .

DAVIS v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 1060 (U.S. 2020)

. . . resolution by the district court upon proper objection at sentencing can never constitute plain error." 769 . . .

AVERY v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 1080 (U.S. 2020)

. . . United States , 913 F.3d 765, 768-769 (CA8 2019) ; In re Baptiste , 828 F.3d 1337, 1340 (CA11 2016). . . .

INTEL CORPORATION INVESTMENT POLICY COMMITTEE, v. M. SULYMA, 140 S. Ct. 768 (U.S. 2020)

. . . A. , 563 U.S. 754, 769, 131 S.Ct. 2060, 179 L.Ed.2d 1167 (2011). . . .

ELKHARWILY, v. FRANCISCAN HEALTH SYSTEM., 140 S. Ct. 1115 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-769 Supreme Court of the United States. . . .

EAST BAY SANCTUARY COVENANT, v. BARR,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 974 (N.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . United States , 787 F.3d 733, 769 (5th Cir. 2015) (refusing to narrow preliminary injunction of Deferred . . .

IN RE ROTH, v. LLC,, 935 F.3d 1270 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mitchell , 908 F.2d 763, 769 n.11 (11th Cir. 1990) ). . . .

BIRD, v. i DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES DHS, R., 935 F.3d 738 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . O'Day , 706 F.3d 769, 771 (6th Cir. 2013) (describing how Tennessee law prohibits people listed on the . . .

IN RE BOWLES,, 935 F.3d 1210 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . State, 716 So. 2d 769, 770 (Fla. 1998) (per curiam). . . .

BOWLES, v. SECRETARY, FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS,, 935 F.3d 1176 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . State, 716 So. 2d 769, 770 (Fla. 1998) (per curiam). . . .

ARTHREX, INC. v. SMITH NEPHEW, INC., 935 F.3d 1319 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Ashcroft , 537 U.S. 186, 203, 123 S.Ct. 769, 154 L.Ed.2d 683 (2003) (quoting McClurg v. . . .

CHAMBERLAIN GROUP, INC. v. TECHTRONIC INDUSTRIES CO. OWT ET Co., 935 F.3d 1341 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Citrix Sys., Inc. , 769 F.3d 1073, 1093 (Fed. Cir. 2014) ; Callaway Golf Co. v. . . .

WOLFINGTON, v. RECONSTRUCTIVE ORTHOPAEDIC ASSOCIATES II PC, a k a, 935 F.3d 187 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . L.P. , 769 F.3d 837, 849 (3d Cir. 2014) ). Jang v. Bos. Sci. . . .

BURKE, v. REGALADO, v., 935 F.3d 960 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Wise , 769 F.3d 1202, 1215 (10th Cir. 2014). . . . Schneider , 717 F.3d at 769. . . . official charged with managing the jail-furthered a "policy or custom," see Schneider , 717 F.3d at 769 . . .

UNITED STATES v. SHAYOTA, v., 934 F.3d 1049 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Tr. 769 (H.L. 1666), for example, explained that a coroner's out-of-court examinations of witnesses were . . .

UNITED STATES v. STAHLMAN,, 934 F.3d 1199 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Hite, 769 F.3d 1154, 1168-1170 (D.C. Cir. 2014), a § 2422 prosecution in which the D.C. . . .

BOWLES, v. DESANTIS,, 934 F.3d 1230 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . State, 716 So. 2d 769, 770 (Fla. 1998) ( Bowles I ); Bowles v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. CANO,, 934 F.3d 1002 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cardona , 769 F.2d 625, 628 (9th Cir. 1985). . . .

MARTINEZ, v. WALGREEN COMPANY,, 935 F.3d 396 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . of a child without the judicial imposition of a countervailing duty to third parties." 868 S.W.2d at 769 . . . violence would pose a threat to strangers when allowed outside the facility); Bird , 868 S.W.2d at 769 . . .

UNITED STATES v. PAWLAK,, 935 F.3d 337 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ivey , 949 F.2d 759, 769 (5th Cir. 1991) ; United States v. . . .

DOCTOR S ASSOCIATES, INC. v. ALEMAYEHU,, 934 F.3d 245 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Gemignani , 769 F. App'x 555, 562 (10th Cir. 2019). . . .

ESTATE OF ROMAIN, v. CITY OF GROSSE POINTE FARMS A. J., 935 F.3d 485 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . SEB S.A. , 563 U.S. 754, 769-70, 131 S.Ct. 2060, 179 L.Ed.2d 1167 (2011). . . .

JEFFERIES, v. UNC REGIONAL PHYSICIANS PEDIATRICS, 392 F. Supp. 3d 620 (M.D.N.C. 2019)

. . . Hardy, 769 F.2d 213, 214 (4th Cir. 1985) ). Jefferies proceeds pro se. . . .

UNITED STATES v. BLAIR,, 933 F.3d 1271 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bear, 769 F.3d 1221, 1230 (10th Cir. 2014) ). . . . Bear , 769 F.3d 1221 (10th Cir. 2014). . . . Bear , 769 F.3d at 1230 (citing Mike , 632 F.3d at 696 ). . . .

MTD PRODUCTS INC. v. IANCU,, 933 F.3d 1336 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Snap-On Inc. , 769 F.3d 1094, 1099 (Fed. Cir. 2014) ). . . .

UNITED STATES EX REL. CHARTE v. AMERICAN TUTOR, INC. Jr. Sr., 934 F.3d 346 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Stevens , 529 U.S. 765, 769 n.1, 120 S.Ct. 1858, 146 L.Ed.2d 836 (2000). . . . Agency of Natural Res. , 529 U.S. at 769, 120 S.Ct. 1858 (quoting 31 U.S.C. § 3730(b)(1) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. CLOSE,, 931 F.3d 1218 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Alcaraz-Garcia , 79 F.3d 769, 772 n.4 (9th Cir. 1996). . . .

ELI LILLY AND COMPANY, v. HOSPIRA, INC. v. Dr. s Dr. s, 933 F.3d 1320 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Pulse Elecs., Inc. , 769 F.3d 1371, 1377 (Fed. Cir. 2014) ). . . .

G. BEASLEY v. WARREN UNILUBE, INC., 933 F.3d 932 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . USA, Inc. , 769 F.3d 605, 613 (2014) (en banc). . . .

LAVALLEE, v. MED- SOLUTIONS, LLC,, 932 F.3d 1049 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . . & Associates, Inc. , 333 F.3d 769 (7th Cir. 2003), but that case is inapposite: It contains no analysis . . .

DUMONT, v. REILY FOODS COMPANY, 934 F.3d 35 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Supp. 2d 769, 777 (D. Minn. 2009) ); see also Perez v. . . .

LUXOTTICA GROUP, S. P. A. a v. AIRPORT MINI MALL, LLC, a d. b. a. LLC, a a. k. a. C. C., 932 F.3d 1303 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Reynolds Tobacco Co. , 769 F.3d 1063, 1069 (11th Cir. 2014) (internal quotation marks omitted). . . . Aycock , 769 F.3d at 1069 (internal quotation marks omitted). . . .

O NEAL, v. BALCARCEL,, 933 F.3d 618 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . R. 15-2 (Trial Tr. at 58-60) (Page ID #769-71). . . .

T. SCHMITT v. LAROSE,, 933 F.3d 628 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Husted , 694 F.3d 760, 769 (6th Cir. 2012) (quoting Bullock v. . . .

BERGAMATTO, v. BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE NYSA ILA PENSION FUND, 933 F.3d 257 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Co. , 769 F.3d 49, 60 (1st Cir. 2014) (" Law was careful to distinguish the case before it, which involved . . .

COFFEY, v. CARROLL, 933 F.3d 577 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Township of Hamburg , 773 F.3d 769, 772 (6th Cir. 2014) ). . . .

D. TORRY, Q. I. v. CITY OF CHICAGO,, 932 F.3d 579 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bank , 186 F.3d 759, 769 (7th Cir. 1999) ; cf. . . . Klotka , 769 F.3d 517, 523 (7th Cir. 2014). . . .

UNITED STATES v. ESCALANTE,, 933 F.3d 395 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 757, 769 (10th Cir. 2013) (unpublished), and United States v. . . . App'x at 769. . . .

CORDEIRO, v. M. SAUL,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 170 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 955 F.2d 765, 769 (1st Cir. 1991) ). . . .

K. W. P. By v. KANSAS CITY PUBLIC SCHOOLS In In, 931 F.3d 813 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Sonora , 769 F.3d 1005, 1030 (9th Cir. 2014) (en banc); Hoskins v. Cumberland Cty. . . . C.B. , 769 F.3d at 1030. . . . office for only 15 minutes; by comparison, the student in C.B. remained handcuffed for 25 to 30 minutes, 769 . . . an officer's own account, unlikely to flee , was completely unnecessary and excessively intrusive." 769 . . .

UNITED STATES v. BOSYK,, 933 F.3d 319 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Pringle , 540 U.S. 366, 371, 124 S.Ct. 795, 157 L.Ed.2d 769 (2003). . . .

UNITED STATES v. ABREU- GARC A, a k a a, a k a P a k a P, 933 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Vega-Salgado, 769 F.3d 100, 104 (1st Cir. 2014) ("That the guidelines are advisory is, by now, a basic . . .

UNITED STATES v. OLOYEDE, v. a k a a k a v. a k a a k a T. v. a k a, 933 F.3d 302 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . (quoting Global-Tech Appliances , 563 U.S. at 769, 131 S.Ct. 2060 ). . . . Global-Tech Appliances , 563 U.S. at 769, 131 S.Ct. 2060. . . .

J. GILLIAM, C. Ad v. SEALEY, E. C. T. A. Sr. C. T. A. WTVD LLC J. C. Ad v. C. T. A. E. C. T. A. Sr. WTVD LLC, 932 F.3d 216 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Gray , 137 F.3d 765, 769 (4th Cir. 1998) ). . . . (quoting Gray , 137 F.3d at 769 ). . . .

M. REAVES, v. DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTION, O MHM, 392 F. Supp. 3d 195 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Prison Health Servs., Inc. , 769 F.2d 700, 705 (11th Cir. 1985). . . . Ancata , 769 F.2d at 705. Therefore, the DOC's duty is non-delegable. Id. ; cf. West v. . . . Somerset County , 53 F.3d 1367, 1380 (1st Cir. 1995) ; see also Ancata , 769 F.2d at 706 ("If plaintiff . . .

UNITED STATES v. GONZALES,, 931 F.3d 1219 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . LaFave, Substantive Criminal Law § 16.3(a), at 769 (3d ed. . . .

NOVAK, v. CITY OF PARMA, 932 F.3d 421 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Twp. of Hamburg , 773 F.3d 769, 772 (6th Cir. 2014) ; see also Johnson v. . . .

DAVIS, v. GUAM M. C. F. P. F. I. M., 932 F.3d 822 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Katzenbach , 383 U.S. 301, 325, 86 S.Ct. 803, 15 L.Ed.2d 769 (1966) (collecting cases). . . .

MCCOTTRELL S. v. WHITE, 933 F.3d 651 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Madison , 423 F.3d 763, 769 (7th Cir. 2005) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. BONIN,, 932 F.3d 523 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ferber , 458 U.S. 747, 769, 102 S.Ct. 3348, 73 L.Ed.2d 1113 (1982). . . .

IN RE S. ANTONUCCI, v. S., 602 B.R. 618 (Bankr. E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Oct. 10, 2018) ; Hampton , 576 B.R. at 812 (citing In re Burke , 523 B.R. 765, 769 (Bankr. E.D. . . .

PEREZ, v. ABBOTT,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 803 (W.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . Katzenbach , 383 U.S. 301, 86 S.Ct. 803, 15 L.Ed.2d 769 (1966). . . . Katzenbach , 383 U.S. 301, 309, 86 S.Ct. 803, 15 L.Ed.2d 769 (1966). . . .

NORTHPORT HEALTH SERVICES OF ARKANSAS, LLC, NHS LLC v. POSEY, AARP AARP s s, 930 F.3d 1027 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ring, 298 Ark. 582, 769 S.W.2d 750, 752 (1989) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. IWAI,, 930 F.3d 1141 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Washington , 490 F.3d 765, 769 (9th Cir. 2007). . . . States Gypsum Co. , 333 U.S. 364, 395, 68 S.Ct. 525, 92 L.Ed. 746 (1948) )); Washington , 490 F.3d at 769 . . .

CROWLEY MARITIME CORPORATION, v. NATIONAL UNION FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY OF PITTSBURGH, PA,, 931 F.3d 1112 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Doyle, 693 F.3d 769, 771 (7th Cir. 2012) ("Waiver occurs when a defendant or his attorney manifests an . . .

HARTMAN v. THOMPSON, 931 F.3d 471 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Sullivan , 532 U.S. 769, 771-72, 121 S.Ct. 1876, 149 L.Ed.2d 994 (2001). . . .

AIR EVAC EMS, INC. v. USABLE MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY,, 931 F.3d 647 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Inc., 913 F.3d 769 (8th Cir. 2019), petition for cert. filed, (U.S. May, 30, 2019) (No. 18-1498). . . .

STATE FARM FIRE AND CASUALTY COMPANY, v. AMAZON. COM, INC., 390 F. Supp. 3d 964 (W.D. Wis. 2019)

. . . Deere & Co. , 2009 WI 75, ¶ 24, 319 Wis. 2d 147, 769 N.W.2d 536. . . .

BRAEBURN INC. v. UNITED STATES FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 1 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Dep't of Educ. , 675 F.3d 769, 781 (D.C. Cir. 2012) (quoting Cnty. of L.A. v. . . .

WECKESSER, v. KNIGHT ENTERPRISES S. E. LLC,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 529 (D.S.C. 2019)

. . . Jason Zink, LLC , 769 F. Supp. 2d 880, 886 (D. Md. 2011). . . .

SMITH, v. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION,, 930 F.3d 1359 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Dep't of Homeland Sec. , 769 F.3d 1363, 1371 (Fed. Cir. 2014). . . .

CABRERA, v. P. BARR,, 930 F.3d 627 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Holder , 769 F.3d 885, 888 (4th Cir. 2014) ("[W]e have noted that 'moral turpitude' refers generally . . .

CRUTSINGER, v. DAVIS,, 930 F.3d 705 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . App'x 766, 769 (5th Cir. 2018) (noting the petitioner's "acknowledge[ment] that the change in decisional . . .

MARINELARENA, v. P. BARR,, 930 F.3d 1039 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Hernandez , 769 F.3d 1059, 1062 (9th Cir. 2014) (per curiam)); see also Descamps v. . . .

MEZA- LOPEZ, v. UNITED STATES, 929 F.3d 1041 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cheney, 571 F.3d 764, 769 (8th Cir. 2009) (internal quotation marks omitted). . . .

SAGARWALA, v. L. CISSNA,, 387 F. Supp. 3d 56 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Dep't of Homeland Sec. , 769 F.3d 1127, 1149 (D.C. Cir. 2014) (quoting BDPCS, Inc. v. . . . Fogo De Chao , 769 F.3d at 1149 (quoting Bally's Park Place, Inc. v. NLRB , 646 F.3d 929, 939 (D.C. . . .

INC. v. INTERNATIONAL GAME TECHNOLOGY, IGT, DOUBLEDOWN INTERACTIVE LLC,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 828 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . Morel , 769 F. . . .

F. MAY, v. SEGOVIA,, 929 F.3d 1223 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Alberts , 769 F. Supp. 498, 510 (S.D.N.Y.1991) )); Moore v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. RANKIN,, 929 F.3d 399 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Ellefsen , 655 F.3d 769, 779 (8th Cir. 2011). . . .

INDIVIOR INC. UK RB Rx, LLC, v. DR. REDDY S LABORATORIES, S. A. Dr. s UT, USA, UK RB v. LLC,, 930 F.3d 1325 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . L.P. , 769 F.3d 837, 848-49 (3d Cir. 2014). . . .

RICHARDSON, v. THOMAS,, 930 F.3d 587 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Branker, 769 F. Supp. 2d 896, 926 (E.D.N.C. 2011). . . .

LTTB, LLC, v. REDBUBBLE, INC., 385 F. Supp. 3d 916 (N.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . Young Enters., Inc. , 644 F.2d 769 (9th Cir. 1981) the Circuit "emphatically" rejected "the notion that . . .

STARR INDEMNITY LIABILITY COMPANY, v. BRIGHTSTAR CORP., 388 F. Supp. 3d 304 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . City of New York, 41 N.Y.2d 769, 772, 396 N.Y.S.2d 155, 364 N.E.2d 820 (1977) ("In the absence of an . . . Co., 238 A.D. 172, 173, 263 N.Y.S. 769 (2d Dep't 1933) ; accord In re Bd. of Comm'rs of Washington Park . . . Wright, 62 N.Y.2d 769, 771, 477 N.Y.S.2d 316, 465 N.E.2d 1252 (1984) ; accord Village of Sylvan Beach . . .

UNITED STATES v. MILLS,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 520 (E.D. Mich. 2019)

. . . Bass, 536 U.S. 862, 863, 122 S.Ct. 2389, 153 L.Ed.2d 769 (2002) (per curiam) ("[A] defendant who seeks . . .

GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, v. UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION,, 928 F.3d 1349 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. , 915 F.3d 764, 769-70 (Fed. . . .

CIVIL BEAT LAW CENTER FOR THE PUBLIC INTEREST, INC. v. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL PREVENTION,, 929 F.3d 1079 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Dep't of Justice , 797 F.3d 759, 769 (9th Cir. 2015). . . .

FORREST, v. PARRY, PHM PHM I- IV, 930 F.3d 93 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Supp. 3d 734, 769 (D.N.J. 2016) ; see also Smith v. Harrah's Casino Resort of Atl. . . .

REINALT- THOMAS CORPORATION, d b a v. MAVIS TIRE SUPPLY, LLC,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 1261 (N.D. Ga. 2019)

. . . Taco Cabana, Inc. , 505 U.S. 763, 769, 112 S.Ct. 2753, 120 L.Ed.2d 615 (1992). . . .

SIMON, v. GOVERNMENT OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS, 929 F.3d 118 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Fahey , 769 F.2d 829, 836 (1st Cir. 1985) ). . . .

DONELSON, v. HARDY, 931 F.3d 565 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . United Food & Commercial Workers Union, Local No. 881 , 305 F.3d 763, 769-70 (7th Cir. 2002). . . .

W. WEINSTEIN, v. C. KRUMPTER, E. P. B. I- IV,, 386 F. Supp. 3d 220 (E.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . MacDonald , 916 F.2d 766, 769 (2d Cir. 1990) (internal citations omitted); see also United States v. . . . (citing MacDonald , 916 F.2d at 769-70 ). . . . MacDonald , 916 F.2d at 769. . . .

WILLIAMS Jr. v. BIG PICTURE LOANS, LLC LLC, Jr., 929 F.3d 170 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Servs. , 769 F.3d 105 (2d Cir. 2014). . . .

UNITED STATES v. B. LEDBETTER A. A. L., 929 F.3d 338 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Forman , 180 F.3d 766, 769-70 (6th Cir. 1999). . . .

PEOPLE v. DEBT RESOLVE, INC., 387 F. Supp. 3d 358 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . RD Legal Funding, LLC , 332 F.Supp.3d 729, 769 (S.D.N.Y. 2018) ("Applying the same logic that the Court . . .

A. ZADEH v. ROBINSON,, 928 F.3d 457 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Lone Steer, Inc ., 464 U.S. 408, 415, 104 S.Ct. 769, 78 L.Ed.2d 567 (1984) ). . . . Lone Steer, Inc. , 464 U.S. 408, 415, 104 S.Ct. 769, 78 L.Ed.2d 567 (1984). City of Los Angeles v. . . . But cf. discussion infra Section III. 387 U.S. at 544-45, 87 S.Ct. 1737. 464 U.S. at 415, 104 S.Ct. 769 . . .

MCGEHEE, v. A. BERRYHILL,, 386 F. Supp. 3d 80 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Sec'y of Health & Human Servs. , 955 F.2d 765, 769 (1st Cir. 1991). . . .

TD BANK N. A. v. W. HILL, II,, 928 F.3d 259 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Mercer-Meidinger-Hansen, Inc. , 952 F.2d 769, 778 (3d Cir. 1991). . . . Ashcroft , 537 U.S. 186, 219, 123 S.Ct. 769, 154 L.Ed.2d 683 (2003) ). . . . Eldred , 537 U.S. at 221, 123 S.Ct. 769 (citation omitted); see Harper & Row , 471 U.S. at 555-60, 105 . . . or invalidated Congress's retroactive extensions of copyrights, Eldred , 537 U.S. at 221, 123 S.Ct. 769 . . . works, a court does not disturb copyright's liability regime, see Eldred , 537 U.S. at 221, 123 S.Ct. 769 . . .

DOE, v. PURDUE UNIVERSITY,, 928 F.3d 652 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bd. of Trs. of Univ. of Ill. at Chi. , 741 F.3d 769, 772 (7th Cir. 2013) ("[O]ur circuit has rejected . . .

CLAIBORNE, v. BLAUSER, S., 928 F.3d 794 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Sonora, 769 F.3d 1005, 1018-19 (9th Cir. 2014) (en banc). . . . C.B., 769 F.3d at 1018-19. 1. . . . C.B., 769 F.3d at 1017-19. . . .

CLAIBORNE, v. BLAUSER, S., 934 F.3d 885 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Sonora , 769 F.3d 1005, 1018-19 (9th Cir. 2014) (en banc). . . . C.B. , 769 F.3d at 1018-19. 1. . . . C.B. , 769 F.3d at 1017-19. . . .

SELLERS, v. KELLER UNLIMITED LLC, LLC,, 386 F. Supp. 3d 631 (D.S.C. 2019)

. . . Jason Zink, LLC , 769 F. Supp. 2d 880, 886 (D. Md. 2011). . . .

SELLERS, v. KELLER UNLIMITED LLC, LLC,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 646 (D.S.C. 2019)

. . . Jason Zink, LLC , 769 F. Supp. 2d 880, 890 (D. Md. 2011) (citing Schultz v. Capital Intern. . . .

DOE, v. CITY OF MEMPHIS,, 928 F.3d 481 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . (Appellee's Br. 39-40 (referencing R. 84, Order, Page ID# 769).) . . . (R. 84, Order, Page ID# 769.) . . .

CARTAGENA, v. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, INC., 389 F. Supp. 3d 341 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Potter, 435 F.3d 444, 449 n.2 (3d Cir. 2006) ), aff'd, 769 Fed.Appx. 57 (3d Cir. 2019). . . .

P. MITCHELL, v. WISCONSIN, 139 S. Ct. 2525 (U.S. 2019)

. . . Id., at 768-769, 86 S.Ct. 1826. . . .